This book provides an in-depth exposition of spin-stand microscopy of hard disk data which is a new technique recently developed and extensively tested by the authors of the book. Spin-stand microscopy is the first magnetic imaging technique where imaging is performed ex-situ on a rotating disk mounted on a spin-stand. This technique is one of the fastest scanning-based microscopy techniques. It is non-invasive and has nano-scale resolution. For these reasons, it provides unique capabilities for the visualization of magnetization patterns recorded on hard disks. This book is self-contained and it covers in sufficient details the basic facts of magnetic data storage technology, the principles and theory of spin-stand microscopy, its experimental implementations, as well as its applications in hard disk diagnostics, imaging of overwritten patterns, computer forensics of hard disk files, and data-dependent magnetic thermal relaxations of recorded magnetization patterns. This book will be a valuable reference for the magnetic data storage community, magnetic microscopy professionals as well as engineers and scientists involved in computer data forensics, commercial data recovery, and the design of archival data storage systems.
Key features:
- conceptual novelty of the technique and the demonstration of its wide scope of applications
- detailed exposition of the principles of spin-stand magnetic microscopy
- comprehensive discussions of novel image reconstruction techniques
- demonstration of high resolution spin-stand images of hard disk data
- presentation of sector-by-sector ex-situ forensics of hard disk files
- extensive studies of data-dependent thermal relaxations of magnetization patterns recorded on hard disks
Key features:
- conceptual novelty of the technique and the demonstration of its wide scope of applications
- detailed exposition of the principles of spin-stand magnetic microscopy
- comprehensive discussions of novel image reconstruction techniques
- demonstration of high resolution spin-stand images of hard disk data
- presentation of sector-by-sector ex-situ forensics of hard disk files
- extensive studies of data-dependent thermal relaxations of magnetization patterns recorded on hard disks

Assurance was a central issue for the eminent Scottish theologian-pastor Thomas Boston long before it emerged as a focal point of the theological debate in the Marrow Controversy. In The Marrow of Certainty, Chun Tse presents the first full-length study of Boston's theology of assurance in six dimensions: trinitarian, covenantal, Christological, soteriological, ecclesiastical, and sacramental. This work not only furnishes the first-ever intellectual biography of Boston in his Scottish context and controversies, but it also cross-studies the theology of the Marrow of Modern Divinity with Boston's notes. This research argues that Boston's doctrine of assurance centres on union and communion with Christ, the architectonic principle of his theology. The book challenges the common conception that Boston's theology merely follows Calvin, the Scots Confession, the Marrow, the Westminster Standards, and Scottish federalism. Boston, most strikingly, holds in tension assurance as intrinsic to faith-itself a gift from God's sovereignty in election-while insisting on self-examination as a human responsibility. This salient mark of his doctrine of assurance originates from his assertion that Christ died for the elect alone but all-elect or not-have the warrant to receive Christ. As such, assurance is, theologically, a divine gift and, pastorally, a human endeavour. Certainty is thus both extra nos and intra nos. Boston, this study reveals, has a potent and enduring power to speak on the perennial issue of assurance, rooted in the person of Christ, whom he considers as being the covenant itself.